function y = mpower(x,d)
%MPOWER (overloaded)

% Author Johan Löfberg
% $Id: mpower.m,v 1.18 2006/09/21 14:31:06 joloef Exp $

%Sanity check
if prod(size(d))>1
    error('The power must be scalar.');
end
if x.dim(1)~=x.dim(2) 
    error('Matrix must be square.')
end
    
% Trivial cases
if d==0
    y = eye(x.dim(1),x.dim(2))^0;
    return
end
if d==1
    y = x;
    return
end

% Fractional and negative powers 
if (ceil(d)-d>0) | (d<0)
    if x.dim(1)>1 | x.dim(2)>1
        error('Only scalars can have negative or non-integer powers');
    else
        base = getbase(x);
        if isequal(base,sparse([0 1])) % Simple unit scalar
            [mt,variabletype] = yalmip('monomtable');
            var = getvariables(x);
            hash = randn(size(mt,2),1);
            hashM = mt*hash;
            hashV = (mt(var,:)*d)*hash;
            previous_var = find(abs(hashM - hashV) < 1e-20);
            if isempty(previous_var)
                newmt =  mt(getvariables(x),:)*d;
                mt(end+1,:) = newmt;
                yalmip('setmonomtable',mt,[variabletype newvariabletypegen(newmt)]);
                y = recover(size(mt,1));
            else
                y = recover(previous_var);
            end
        elseif  (size(base,2) == 2) & base(1)==0
            % Something like a*t^-d
            y = base(2)^d*recover(getvariables(x))^d;
        else
            % Bummer, something more complex, add an internal equality constraint 
            y = (yalmip('addextendedvariable','mpower',x))^d;           
        end
    end
    return
end

% Integer power of matrix
if x.dim(1)>1 | x.dim(2)>1
    switch d
        case 0
            y = 1;
        case 1
            y = x;
        otherwise
            y = x*mpower(x,d-1);
    end
else %Integer power of scalar
    
    base = x.basis;
    if isequal(base,[0 1]) % Unit scalar can be done fast
        [mt,variabletype] = yalmip('monomtable');
        %var = getvariables(x);
        var = x.lmi_variables;
        possible = find(mt(:,var));
        if length(possible)==1
            % Even faster, we don't need to search, cannot have been
            % definded earlier, since only the linear terms is in monom
            % table                        
            newmt = mt(var,:)*d;
            mt = [mt;newmt];
            yalmip('setmonomtable',mt,[variabletype newvariabletypegen(newmt)]);
            y = x;
            y.lmi_variables = size(mt,1);
        else
            hash = randn(size(mt,2),1);
            mt_hash = mt*hash;
            mt_hash = mt_hash(possible);
            previous_var = findhash(mt_hash , (d*mt(var,:))*hash);
            if isempty(previous_var)
                newmt = mt(var,:)*d;
                %        mt(end+1,:) = newmt;
                mt = [mt;newmt];
                yalmip('setmonomtable',mt,[variabletype newvariabletypegen(newmt)]);
                y = x;
                y.lmi_variables = size(mt,1);
            else
                previous_var = possible(previous_var);
                y = x;
                y.lmi_variables = previous_var;
            end
        end
    else % General scalar
        switch d
            case 0
                y = 1;
            case 1
                y = x;
            otherwise
                y = x*mpower(x,d-1);
        end
    end
end

function newvariabletype = newvariabletypegen(newmt)
newvariabletype = spalloc(size(newmt,1),1,0)';
nonlinear = ~(sum(newmt,2)==1 & sum(newmt~=0,2)==1);
if ~isempty(nonlinear)   
    newvariabletype(nonlinear) = 3;
    quadratic = sum(newmt,2)==2;
    newvariabletype(quadratic) = 2;
    bilinear = max(newmt,[],2)<=1;
    newvariabletype(bilinear & quadratic) = 1;
    sigmonial = any(0>newmt,2) | any(newmt-fix(newmt),2);
    newvariabletype(sigmonial) = 4;
end